The coastal regions generally enjoy mild winters and hot summers, with sea temperatures ranging from 10-12°C in winter to 25-28°C in summer. During the winter bad weather tends to accumulate mostly over the coastal mountain ranges, which frequently leads to warm and sunny winter days. The contrast of the mild winter weather with a backdrop of snow-capped mountains is delightful.
The central plain is colder in the winter and warmer in the summer than the coast. Montenegro averages a January temperature of 10°C and a July temperature 26.5°C. The maximum can reach up to 40°C on summer and the winter minimum -10°C.
The High karst mountain area consist of plains at around 1.700m rising to peaks around 2.000m. The climate is sub-alpine with cold snowy winters, up to 5m in the mountains, and a moderate summers averaging 270 hours of sunshine per month. Winter maximum temperatures are around 3°C and minimums around -6°C .In the summer months it goes from 23°C to 39°C.
The Adriatic region has challenging forecast region, mainly because it is surrounded by complex mountainous topography. There are number of indentified localized winds but bora, sirocco and north-western wind blow most often.
Bora is a dry and cold wind blowing in bursts from the north-northeast to the east-northeast direction. Bora may be associated with stormy weather, with wind reaching 100 knots or more. The direction in which the wind blows is mostly influenced by the configuration of the shore. The strength of bora is explained by the existence of warm air over the surface of the sea, and a cold layer of air above mountain ranges in the littoral, which cause a strong streaming due to equating of the pressure. Cold air tends to fill the void, which occurs due to the rising of the warm air from the sea surface.
Sirocco is a warm and moist wind which blows from the east-southeast to south-southwest direction. Sirocco brings high waves and rain. This wind is a characteristic for the southern Adriatic, where it blows longer and stronger than in the northern part. In the summer, it usually blows for couple of days, and in the winter it can last for couple of weeks. The signs of the oncoming sirocco are the calmness of the sea, weak changeable winds, and dimness of the horizon, the increase of the temperature and moisture, and the gradual decrease of the pressure.
Maestral (the landward breeze) is a daily, thermic wind blowing from the direction of the northwest, and arises as the land and the sea heat at a different rate. It occurs from spring to autumn, and during day it often changes the direction. The landward breeze blows more in the southern Adriatic than in the northern Adriatic.
